Drug Repositioning (DR) has recently emerged as acomplementary approach to classic drug discovery aiming at challenging the limited productivity issues associated with the traditional drug discovery route. By seeking novel links between existing drugs and new indications, data mining of various sources constitutes a powerful tool for systematic DR. This review focuses on primary literature as one of the data sources and on Literature-Based Discovery (LBD) strategies for DR, presenting a relevant case study for the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (MS).