The study of cancer growth mechanisms and the determination of the
efficacy of experimental therapeutics are usually performed in twodimensional
(2D) cell culture models. However, these models are
incapable of mimicking complex interactions between cancer cells and the
environment. With the advent of microfluidic technologies, the
combination of multiple cell cultures with mechanical and biochemical
stimuli has enabled a better recapitulation of the three-dimensional (3D)
tumor environment using minute amounts of reagents. These models can
also be used to study drug transport, hypoxia, and interstitial pressure
within the tumor. In this review, we highlight the applications of
microfluidic-based models in anticancer drug studies and provide a
perspective on the future of the clinical applications of microfluidic
systems for anticancer drug development.